Sobre os Pensamentos Metafísicos

Metaphysical Thoughts (Cogitata Metaphysica) are rarely treated by Spinoza’s commentators, except in footnotes, possibly because they were presented only as an Appendix to the Principles of Cartesian philosophy. However, I intend to show that this work deserves to be studied more closely, since it is a prolegomenon to Spinoza’s fundamental ideas, both in terms of criticism of the scholastic metaphysical tradition, still in force in Dutch universities in the 17th century, and in terms of criticism of Cartesian metaphysics.